Romania
The national flag of Romania is a tricolour with vertical stripes: beginning from the flagpole, blue, yellow and red.
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Romania is a country located in southeastern Europe on the Lower Danube. On its territory is located almost the entire Delta and southern and central part of the Carpathian Mountains. It is bordered by Bulgaria to the south, Serbia to the southwest, Hungary to the northwest, north and east Ukraine and Moldova to the east and the shores of the Black Sea is to the southeast.
Romania is a country located in southeastern Europe on the Lower Danube. On its territory is located almost the entire Delta and southern and central part of the Carpathian Mountains. It is bordered by Bulgaria to the south, Serbia to the southwest, Hungary to the northwest, north and east Ukraine and Moldova to the east and the shores of the Black Sea is to the southeast.
Romania's capital , Bucharest, is its largest city and sixth city of the EU population (1.9 million) . In 2007, Sibiu was elected European Capital of Culture. Romania is a member of international organizations as the UN since 1955 , the Council of Europe in 1993, the European Union from 1 January 2007, a NATO member since March 29, 2004 , the OSCE, the OIF in 2003, the Latin Union in 1980, and some institutions Economics: the World Bank Group , IMF 1972 , EBRD 1991 , OECD.
The Palace of Parliament in Bucharest, Romania (also known before the Revolution as the House of the Republic or the People's House ) , measures 270 m by 240 m , 86 m high and 92 m below ground . It has 12 levels and 8 ground surface . According to the World Records Academy , Parliament House is the largest civilian administrative building for use as a surface in the world, most expensive administrative building in the world and the heaviest building in the world, falling three times in the Book of Records . Parliament House building is situated in the center of Bucharest.
The Palace of Parliament in Bucharest, Romania (also known before the Revolution as the House of the Republic or the People's House ) , measures 270 m by 240 m , 86 m high and 92 m below ground . It has 12 levels and 8 ground surface . According to the World Records Academy , Parliament House is the largest civilian administrative building for use as a surface in the world, most expensive administrative building in the world and the heaviest building in the world, falling three times in the Book of Records . Parliament House building is situated in the center of Bucharest.
Dumitru Prunariu is a retired Romanian cosmonaut who flew aboard Soyuz 40. He was selected for spaceflight training in 1978 as a part of the Intercosmos Program. Obtaining the maximum marks during three years of preparation he was selected for a joint space flight with the Russian cosmonaut Leonid Popov. In May 1981 they completed an eight-day space mission on board _Soyuz 40. and the Salyut 6 space laboratory where they completed scientific experiments in the fields of _astrophysics, space radiation, space technology, space medicineand biology. Prunariu became the 103rd human being to fly into the Outer Space.
Romanian cuisine is a diverse blend of different dishes from several traditions with which it has come into contact, but it also maintains its own character. It has been greatly influenced by Ottoman cuisine, while it also includes influences from the cuisines of other neighbours, such as Germans, Serbs, Bulgarians and Hungarians.
Hungary
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The three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green; the flag dates to the national movement of the 18th and 19th centuries, and fuses the medieval colors of the Hungarian coat of arms with the revolutionary tricolor form of the French flag; folklore attributes virtues to the colors: red for strength, white for faithfulness, and green for hope; alternatively, the red is seen as being for the blood spilled in defense of the land, white for freedom, and green for the pasturelands that make up so much of the country.
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Facts for travellers Official name: Hungarian Republic
Location: East-Central Europe Area: 93,030 square km Population: 10,197,119 Density of population: 108 person/square km, 63%of population live in cities Capital: Budapest , area of 525 Km2 (1,775 million inhabitants) Local time: in the winter GMT+1 hour Language: Hungarian Administration: 19counties, 23 towns with county rights Length of borders: 2246 Km Number of neighbouring countries: (borders with Austria , Slovakia , Ukraina , Romania , Serbia , Croatia , Slovenia ) Number of visitors in Hungary : 31,141,000 visitors Religion: Roman Catholic (majority), Protestant, Jewish Highest point: Kékes, 1015 m |
Budapest (Hungarian pronunciation approximates to "boo-dah-pesht") is the capital city of Hungary. With a unique, youthful atmosphere, a world-class classical music scene as well as a pulsating night life increasingly appreciated among European youth and, last but not least, an exceptionally rich offering of natural thermal baths, Budapest is one of Europe's most delightful and enjoyable cities. Due to its scenic setting and its architecture it is nicknamed "Paris of the East".
In 1987 Budapest was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List for the cultural and architectural significance of the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue. |
Hungary, small country, great ideas... Did you know... the developers of the atomic bomb and nuclear engineering; the holograph; the moon and mars rovers; the Model T Ford; Microsoft Office; the fathers of the seat belt and passive safety; binary code, BASIC and computer programming; supersonic flight and the U.S. aerospace industry; the California wine industry; the U.S. light cavalry; matches; color television; full-length motion pictures; jet propulsion, the carburetor and the automatic gearbox; the Zeppelin; and the founder of Intel Corporation are all Hungarian-Americans? And what about Joseph Pulitzer, of "Pulitzer Prize" fame? There's much more to his story. And can you believe there was a Hungarian Emperor of Madagascar? Finally, would you believe Hungary ranks 8th in the world in Olympic Medals!
Portugal
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Tokaj is part of the World Heritage Sites, as well as Hungary’s best-known wine region, famous for its dessert wine the Tokaji Aszú. Tokaj’s microclimate provides the ideal conditions to produce this world-class wine. The south-facing slopes, the nearby Tisza and Bodrog rivers and the warm summers, and long, sunny autumns all play a part in the proliferation of botrytis (nobel rot), giving the wine its unique taste. The grapes are harvested late in the season when they are covered with botrytis, making their skin thinner to produce this unique wine with high alcohol, acid and sugar content. The most famous wine of the Tokaj-Hegyalja region is the Aszú, well liked by many artists and dignitaries. Louis XIV famously called it the "Wine of Kings, King of Wines".
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The flag of Portugal is a rectangular bicolour with a field unevenly divided into green on the hoist, and red on the fly. The lesser version of the national coat of arms (i.e. armillary sphere and Portuguese shield) is centred over the colour boundary at equal distance from the upper and lower edges.
In the ensuing decades, these colours were popularly propagandized as representing the hope of the nation (green) and the blood (red) of those who died defending it, as a means to endow them with a more patriotic and dignified, therefore less political, sentiment.
In the ensuing decades, these colours were popularly propagandized as representing the hope of the nation (green) and the blood (red) of those who died defending it, as a means to endow them with a more patriotic and dignified, therefore less political, sentiment.
Potugal is a country in southwest Europe. It is located on the Iberian Peninsula, and it is the westernmost country of mainland Europe, being bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. Aside from continental Portugal, the Portuguese Republic holds sovereignty over the Atlantic archipelagos of Azores and Madeira.
The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose name derives from a combination of Latin "Portus", and the Celtic place-name Cale.
The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continually fought over and settled since prehistoric times. The Celts and the Romans were followed by the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the Moors. These Muslim peoples were eventually expelled during the Christian Reconquista of the peninsula. By 1139, Portugal established itself as a kingdom independent from León. In the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the Age of Discovery, Portugal expanded western influence and established the first global empire, becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers.
The Portuguese Empire was the longest-lived of the modern European colonial empires, spanning almost 600 years, from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the handover of Macau to the People's Republic of China in 1999 (de facto) or the granting of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002 (de jure) after occupation by Indonesia since 1975. The empire spread throughout a vast number of territories that are now part of 53 different sovereign states, leaving a profound cultural and architectural influence across the globe with a legacy of over 250 million Portuguese speakers today (making it the sixth most spoken first language) and a number of Portuguese-based creoles.
It is a member of the United Nations, European Union, Eurozone, OECD, NATO, WTO, OSCE, Schengen Area, Council of Europe, Organization of Ibero-American States, Community of Portuguese Language Countries and numerous other international institutions.
The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose name derives from a combination of Latin "Portus", and the Celtic place-name Cale.
The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continually fought over and settled since prehistoric times. The Celts and the Romans were followed by the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the Moors. These Muslim peoples were eventually expelled during the Christian Reconquista of the peninsula. By 1139, Portugal established itself as a kingdom independent from León. In the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the Age of Discovery, Portugal expanded western influence and established the first global empire, becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers.
The Portuguese Empire was the longest-lived of the modern European colonial empires, spanning almost 600 years, from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the handover of Macau to the People's Republic of China in 1999 (de facto) or the granting of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002 (de jure) after occupation by Indonesia since 1975. The empire spread throughout a vast number of territories that are now part of 53 different sovereign states, leaving a profound cultural and architectural influence across the globe with a legacy of over 250 million Portuguese speakers today (making it the sixth most spoken first language) and a number of Portuguese-based creoles.
It is a member of the United Nations, European Union, Eurozone, OECD, NATO, WTO, OSCE, Schengen Area, Council of Europe, Organization of Ibero-American States, Community of Portuguese Language Countries and numerous other international institutions.
Some portuguese highlights (people, products, monuments and landscapes)
BULGARIA
Bulgaria officially the Republic of Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
Bulgaria's population of 7.4 million people is predominantly urbanised and mainly concentrated in the administrative centres of its 28 provinces. Most commercial and cultural activities are centred on the capital and largest city, Sofia. The strongest sectors of the economy are heavy industry, power engineering, and agriculture, all of which rely on local natural resources.
Bulgaria has a dynamic climate, which results from its being positioned at the meeting point of Mediterranean and continental air masses and the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation annually than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.
Bulgaria adopted the Kyoto Protocol and achieved the protocol's objectives by reducing carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 to 2009 by 30 percent. However, pollution from factories and metallurgy works and severe deforestation continue to cause major problems to the health and welfare of the population.
Bulgaria's population of 7.4 million people is predominantly urbanised and mainly concentrated in the administrative centres of its 28 provinces. Most commercial and cultural activities are centred on the capital and largest city, Sofia. The strongest sectors of the economy are heavy industry, power engineering, and agriculture, all of which rely on local natural resources.
Bulgaria has a dynamic climate, which results from its being positioned at the meeting point of Mediterranean and continental air masses and the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation annually than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.
Bulgaria adopted the Kyoto Protocol and achieved the protocol's objectives by reducing carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 to 2009 by 30 percent. However, pollution from factories and metallurgy works and severe deforestation continue to cause major problems to the health and welfare of the population.
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